Símbolos de corrección
When I correct papers, I often use the following shorthand for grammatical errors.
A
|
Accent error. The word needs an accent mark if it doesn't
have one, or, if it has one as written, it is wrong: either the word needs no accent, or
the accent is over the wrong vowel.
|
F or C |
Error in conjugation of a verb, or an error in some
derived verb form (e.g., "Juan *quiería salir"
for "Juan quería salir," "la puerta
estaba *abrida" for "la puerta estaba abierta")
|
Cog
|
False cognate ("sopa" for "jabón",
"ropa" for "soga")
|
D | Dictionary error (e.g. "banco"
for "orilla" or even "morderse las uñas"
for "comerse las uñas; other common examples are confusions
between pedir / preguntar, salir / dejar, and
saber / conocer ) |
EXP | Not just incorrect word, but the whole expression
needs to be changed, e.g., "*Es muy frío*" for "Hace
mucho frío."
|
F | Incorrect form (often a "regularized"
adjective, e.g. "una niña muy *jóvena" for "una
niña muy joven"). (Sometimes F is
also used for conjugation errors.)
|
G | Gender error: *la tema
for el tema, *el mano for la mano, etc.
Sometimes such errors are marked as NAG errors, as the article is a special
form of adjective.
|
GUS | Problem with gustar construction, e.g.,
"Juan le gustan las flores" for "A Juan le
gustan las flores."
|
M | Mood error (if subjunctive, change to indicative, and
vice versa)
|
Nag | Noun agreement
error (wrong gender and/or number reflected in the
articles or adjectives modifying the noun):
"Las muchachas *altos," for example,
instead of "las muchachas altas."
|
NE | No Existe (a made-up word or expression that does not
exist in Spanish, e.g. *"en facto" for "en realidad", or *"la
aborción" for "el aborto"). If you aren't absolutely sure of a word,
look it up in a Spanish-English dictionary.
|
O | Orthographic (i.e. spelling) mistake,
e.g., *pas for paz or *demonstrar
for demostrar.
|
P | Wrong word
in this context. Example: "Ese
es el restaurante de que me *dijiste" [for "de que me hablaste"].
|
POPA | Por / Para mistake. If por
replace with para, and vice versa.
|
PRIM | Preterit/Imperfect confusion (if
preterit, change to
imperfect, and vice versa)
|
Ref | Reflexive (if written as a reflexive, change to
non-reflexive, and vice versa)
|
Sag | Subject/verb agreement error, e.g. "Nosotras
tienen hambre" for "Nosotras tenemos
hambre."
|
S/E | Ser/Estar confusion (if ser,
change to estar, and vice versa)
|
T | Any non-PRIM
(=Preterit/Imperfect) tense error, e.g.,
"Hago el trabajo ayer" for "Hice el
trabajo ayer."
|
V | Wrong
verb in this context.
("No sé bien a
Carlos" for "No
conozco bien a Carlos," or
"Ella no es aquí"
for "Ella no está aquí.")
|
+ | Any especially nice touch in expression
or style
|
^ | Something is missing, such as "Vemos María"
for "Vemos a María," or "No habla con las personas
no conoce bien" for
"No habla con las
personas que no conoce
bien."
|
Invert word order (e.g. "el *rojo
libro*" for "el libro rojo")
|
|
/ | Leave out, strike. For example:
"Buscamos *para* el restaurante" for
"Buscamos el restaurante.".
|
? | I'm not sure of your meaning.
|
To Courses Taught Page | A la página de control de gramática |